The aim of the present study is to determine the suitable areas for establishing Disaster Management Support Bases in the Region One of Tehran municipality. For this purpose, at first, 26 factors were classified in 5 groups. Then, Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) was used as Multi Criteria Evaluation modeling by elimination of constraints, standardization by Fuzzy membership functions in byte scale, factor weighting by the AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process), and site selection by zonal land suitability (ZLS) in GIS environment. The results shows that the eastern part of the study area (ZOnes 6, 9, and 10) has the least percent of differentiation and area reduction in texture, transportation and compatibility constraints including residential area, road, health & treatment centers, commercial centers, vacant lands, faults, multi-storey buildings, gas lines, aqueducts, gas stations & diplomatic area which shows more accessible area in the eastern part of the area. Also, the eastern part of the study area has a very high suitability average in non-proximity (incompatibility) factors such as faults, multi-storey buildings, aqueducts, power lines, gas stations, metro lines, diplomatic area & earthquake intensity. The result of siting shows 17 zOnes for disaster management support bases that there are 14 zOnes in the eastern part of the Region. Then, five zOnes were selected in the study area including zOne A with area of 4900 square meter and suitability average of 166, zOne C with area of 2700 square meter and suitability average of 164, zOne E with area of 3200 square meter and suitability average of 165, zOne L with area of 28100 square meter and suitability average of 146 & zOne N with area of 2400 square meter and suitability average of 155. Therefore, it is suggested that decision rule and the methodology of current study can be used in other studies of siting of Disaster Management Support Bases.

Introduction: The expansion of a more sustainable world is the most obvious logical consequence of higher education efforts. Almost every higher educational institution has built its mission on goals beyond the creation and dissemination of knowledge. The overall purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of sustainable universities on intellectual capital with the fourth generation approach in macro medical universities in Region One in order to provide a model. Methods: The present applied research was conducted in 2021 with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The statistical population in the qualitative section was 16 people being selected using the purposive sampling method, and in the quantitative section, 320 people were selected as a statistical sample based on Cochran's formula through stratified random sampling. In order to collect data, researcher-made questionnaires on sustainable universities and Bontis Intellectual Capital Questionnaire were used. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations were used to analyze the data. Results: The results of confirmatory factor analysis show that at 99% confidence level, t-values for the dimensions of the sustainable university questionnaire were out of (2.58, -2.58) range, so there was a strong positive and significant relationship between the variables of a sustainable university with all its dimensions. Conclusions: Considering the obtained results, it can be concluded that the relationship between a sustainable university and intellectual capital was positive and significant. This can be due to paying attention to the scientific nature and fruitfulness of intellectual capital and its continuous development in order to achieve One of the ultimate goals, which is sustainable development.

We conducted this study in the Agogo Traditional Area of the Ashanti Region of Ghana where there are numerous cases of conflicts between crop and animal farmers as a result of insufficient pasture for livestock, especially during the dry seasons. This has drawn the attention of various stakeholders in agriculture to the need for supplement feed through pasture establishment. The study examines farmers’ perception and the financial viability of pasture establishment for small ruminant production. The specific objectives of the study are as follow: to identify the cost and returns for the establishment of an acre of pasture, to assess the financial viability of pasture establishment on ‘cut and sell’ basis, to investigate farmers’ perception of pasture establishment for cattle production, to conduct a SWOT analysis of the establishment of pasture in Agogo. The study purports to analyze in detail, farmers' perceptions about the nature of the proposed 'Fodder Bank' policy and its likely effect on crop and livestock production, and whether the proposed policy could generate adequate mOnetary returns to induce its adoption at the farm level. The study seeks to provide evidence in support of SDG goals 2 (Zero hunger) and 12 (Responsible consumption and production) of the 2030 agenda for sustainable development. To the authors' best of knowledge, this is envisage to provide valuable information to support policy initiatives intended to tackle the root cause of farmer-herder conflicts. The Asante Akim North Municipal is One of the 27 administrative Districts in the Ashanti Region. Its capital is Konongo- Odumasi. The population for this study comprises livestock and crop farmers in Agogo. Asante Akim North Municipal was purposively selected for the study because it is noted for its agrarian abilities and massive production of food in the Ashanti Region. The multi stage sampling was employed in this study. At the first stage, Asante Agogo traditional area was selected purposively due to the fact that majority of the inhabitants engage in agricultural activities (GSS 2010). At the second stage, three communities in Agogo namely, Hwidiem, Ananekrom and Bebuso were selected purposively. At the third stage, quota sampling was used to obtain a specific number of farmers from each of the three communities to sum up to 150 respondents as shown in table. Simple random sampling technique was then used to engage the selected farmers in these communities. A sample size of 150 respondents were obtained using the Slovin’s formulae which is a scientific method of obtaining the sample size for a given population. Structured questionnaires consisting of open and close ended questions were used to gather primary data from respondents through face-to-face interviews. Interviews were conducted using the local dialect mostly to enhance communication and to clear all language barriers but English was used where the respondents could give accurate answers in English Language. Data per the questionnaires from respondents were concerning their perception of pasture establishment and the assessment of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of pasture establishment. Secondary data was sought from books, journals, dissertations and the internet. Useful and relevant information on the appropriate materials and their costs for establishing pasture was also obtained from the Agogo MoFA office, and the KNUST Department of Animal Science. Descriptive statistics such as percentages, tables and means were used to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of respondents. It was revealed in the study that majority of crop farmers have had their crops destroyed by ruminants especially cattle at least once. Additionally, the study showed that pasture establishment is One way through which crop farms destruction by livestock can be prevented as about 99% of farmers responded in the affirmative. The results for the financial viability of the venture under the assumptions used gave relevant results with BCR of 1.18 and NPV of GHC 3,160. The Internal Rate Return of the venture is estimated at 40.1% and a Pay Back period of 2.61 years. Therefore, it will be economically prudent for investors to commit resources towards establishing pasture. The perception index for commercial, economic and financial concerns of pasture establishment was 3.7 which is skewed toward agree. The statement that had the highest positive perception index was about the fact that pasture establishment will increase the quality of meat. This implies that respondents perceive that the commercial, economic and financial results of pasture establishment will be positive. The perception index for the social category was 3.66. The statement with the highest positive assertion by respondents is the fact that pasture establishment will help control the movement of animals. The perception index of 3.66 which is skewed towards agree means that pasture establishment will attract the support from the community and also bring more benefits to the society. In the category of technical concerns of pasture establishment, the overall perception index for this category is 3.15, which means that the respondents perceive they have a fair technical know- how concerning pasture establishment even though the venture requires technical know-how. In the category of institutional concerns, support and involvement in pasture establishment, the statement with the highest perception index is that MoFA will support farmers with the necessary resources in its capacity. With reference to the chi-square test, the study can conclude that there is a significant relationship between the type of farmer and the perception that support can be drawn from farmer-based associations, and the perception that pasture establishment will increase livestock production as well as the general sales of farmers. Lastly, the study revealed that there is a significant relationship between the educational background of the farmer and the perception that it is not difficult to select planting materials for pasture establishment. Farmers in Asante Akim Agogo should adopt the establishment of pasture since it is financially viable. The establishment of pasture in Asante Akim Agogo should be encouraged since it has the potency to reduce the farmer - herder conflicts and ensure food security. For successful pasture establishment, technical know-how is essential.

Identifying the constraining factors of production and yield gap is very important. Therefore; this research was performed to identify the production constraining factors of local rice cultivars. All management practices from nursery preparation to harvesting stages for 100 paddy fields of local rice cultivars were recorded through field studies, in Sari, from 2015-2016. In the CPA, the actual and calculated potential yield were 4495 and 5703 kg/ha, respectively and the gap was 1221 kg/ha. The yield gap caused by number of top-dressing variables was 324 kg/ha, equal to 27% of the total yield gap. The yield gap related to previous year of legumes cultivation was 218 kg ha-1, equal to 18% of the total yield variation. Among the 10 variables entered in the CPA model, the effects of top-dress fertilizer application and its application frequency and foliar application were remarkable, which could compensate a significant part of the yield gap (444 kg/ha, 37% of total) in the farmers’ fields by managing these variables. According to boundary line analysis (BLA) finding, actual yield mean on the basis of optimal limit related to 12 variables under study was 5369 kg/ha, with 881 kg/ha yield gap . Mean relative yield and relative yield gap for 12 variables (transplanting date, seedling age, number of seedlings per hill, planting density, nitrogen and phosphorous per hectare, nitrogen before transplanting, harvesting date, lodging problem, pest problem, diseases problem and weeds problem) were 83.64 and 16.35 kg/ha, respectively. Based on the finding, it can be stated that the model precision is appropriate and can be applied for both estimation of the quantity of yield gap and determining the portion of each restricting yield variables.

In this paper, we aim to study a 𝒍-user quantum multiple access wiretap channel with an arbitrary number of wiretappers under One-shot setting. In this regard, we first introduce the general quantum multiple access wiretap channel and the simplified proposed channel. Then, we calculate an achievable secrecy rate Region for the main channel with two users. The encoding process uses the superposition and wiretap coding techniques, and the decoding technique is based on the simultaneous decoder. Also, Convex splitting is used to satisfy security requirements. At last, we extend the results to the l-user case.

The most important feature of the current urbanization era is population growth and cities development that the continuation of this, the growing need for bio-places and creating residential areas more than ever felt. On the other hand, due to the inertia of life, setting the economy as a principle and the multiple mass construction in different parts of the urban context without paying attention to functional, psychic and mental needs of its future residents, with the purpose of overcoming the housing shortage problem, other problems will crystallize that the most important of them are hurting the family foundation and the community. According to this, creating stability in the housing sector and its planning in the direction of sustainable urban development is an important step in reducing the current instability which can arise through three basic criteria of social, economic and physical together. The aim of this study is measuring the housing sustainability indicators of the housing of Region One of Mashhad municipality and help to promote these spaces through suggestions to make them more sustainable and extending it to similar areas. This research in terms of target is an applied research that has been dOne with descriptive-analytical method and based on library-documentary resources and surveys. The research statistical society is the people who lives in the Region One of Mashhad that by using a Cochran formula, random sample consists of 384 people with questionnaire in SPSS software have been studied and analyzed by the One-sample T-Test. The research findings indicate that the housing of Region One of Mashhad municipality in economic and physical criteria has somewhat stable conditions and in the social criteria has unstable conditions; As the most stable indicator of housing, having the facilities and the most unstable indicator, neighborhood relationships are known.

The Kerman Region stands out as One of the most significant mining areas globally, owing to its extensive and abundant mineral resources. Bam County, situated in the southeastern part of Kerman, has historically served as a crucial hub connecting the southeast of Iran with Sistan and Afghanistan, attributed to its distinctive geological and geomorphological characteristics. Enjoying considerable commercial and military importance since the Sassanid era, Bam County has garnered attention in archaeological research as a strategically vital Region. The exploration of Bam's archaeological sites becomes imperative for historical governments, highlighting the need to investigate and comprehend ancient centers engaged in metal smelting and mining activities. Consequently, an archaeological survey of the central part of Bam County was initiated in 2018-2019 with the specific objective of identifying metal smelting workshops and ancient mines. This article presents the outcomes of a field survey conducted in the central part of Bam County, shedding light on evidence of metal smelting centers, furnaces, and historical mining activities. The primary research inquiries center around the chronology of mining evidence in the central part of Bam County, the types of metals extracted, and the processes involved in metal mining and metallurgy within this Region. Employing field and documentary methods, the research adopts a descriptive-analytical approach. The study identified and examined eight sites showcasing evidence of smelting and slag, One ancient mine, and two active mines. These sites have been associated with the extraction and processing of metals and elements such as tin, zinc, lead, silver, iron, and, to a lesser extent, gold. Notably, the substantial volume of zinc and zinc oxide processing in seven sites holds significance. Although cultural materials for chronological dating were absent in the investigated sites, historical sources indicate that the extraction and smelting of these metals in the Region date back to at least the 3rd century AH (9th century AD) and persisted until the Qajar period

Abstract In this study, One and two-dimensional models of petroleum systems were constructed in the internal part of the Fars Region. Based on the results obtained from One-dimensional modeling and the study of thermal maturation history, the Sarchahan Formation is considered the main source rock of the Paleozoic petroleum system, which started hydrocarbon generation about 130 to 140 million years ago. The liquid hydrocarbon content in wells A and B is estimated to be 720 and 5100 (Kg/m2) respectively, and the gas hydrocarbon content is estimated to be 70 and 600 (Kg/m2). Furthermore, based on the results of two-dimensional modeling, the younger petroleum system source rocks such as the Cretaceous and younger source rocks are thermally immature and have not entered into the oil window. According to the migration modeling results, the most important factor in the movement of hydrocarbon fluids prior to the Zagros orogeny is vertical migration in the career layers, but after this orogeny and tectonic compression, the horizontal migration compOnent has also become active. Keywords: Petroleum system Modeling, Burial history, Source rock, Fars internal Region     Introduction The petroleum system modeling functions as a powerful tool in the process of hydrocarbon exploration, where Regional studies and simulation of subsurface processes can significantly assist in identifying traps and exploration targets. A petroleum system consists of various elements including source, reservoir and cap rocks, hydrocarbon traps, and processes such as generation, migration, and hydrocarbon accumulation. Modeling of petroleum systems is divided into One-, two-, and three-dimensional (1–3D) based on the specific objectives and available data. One-dimensional modeling, nowadays, is used as a computational method based on measured data to indirectly evaluate the maturity of source rocks and determine the oil and gas generation window. For a better understanding of the petroleum system, especially during hydrocarbon generation in the source rock and subsequent expulsion of hydrocarbon molecules, One-dimensional modeling has special applications. The purpose of this study is to construct 1D and 2D models of the petroleum system of two fields located in the Internal Fars with the use of data from two exploration wells and a 2D structural section in order to determine the liquid and gas hydrocarbon content generated from the source rock, as well as the migration pathways of various hydrocarbons over geological timescales.   Material & Methods The first step in One-dimensional modeling is to create a well and input relevant data such as well name, geographical coordinates (longitude and latitude), final depth, and rotary table height in the dedicated section. The next step is to input data related to different layers, including information such as layer name, depth, thickness, and age of the layers, palaeo water depth, erosion rate or non-deposition time, lithology related to each formation, the role of each layer in the Regional petroleum system, temperature data, and finally, geochemical data such as total organic carbon (TOC) and kinetic data related to potential source rocks. =The TOC and hydrogen index values should be considered initially to ensure calculations are performed with minimal error. In order to simulate a sedimentary basin, the following parameters need to be defined for each event or geological layer. After constructing and running the One-dimensional model, calculations related to temperature and maturity are calibrated using measured data, and then the modeling results are extracted. These results include the burial history plot of strata at the well location and time plots of various parameters of source rock such as vitrinite reflectance, hydrocarbon generation and expulsion rates for potential source rocks in the study area. The first step in the two-dimensional modeling of the hydrocarbon system is to input the structural pattern (2D structural interpretation from seismic sections) into the software. To do this, depth lines representing layers with structural interpretations in the cross-sectional direction are first inputted into the software, and other layers are defined using the lithological pattern and isopach maps. In the software Open-Flow, it is necessary to reconstruct the layers up to the basement, so all successions and studied formations should be included in the model, from the surface and topographic layer to the basement. In this study, information on sedimentology, lithology, thickness and erosion rates of layers, palaeo-water depth, and organic geochemistry of two wells located in two gas fields was utilized. On the other hand, for determining the structural pattern of the study area, a 2D structural cross-section interpretation prepared perpendicular to the Zagros thrust trend was used. By constructing a 1D model in two selected wells, the maturity and hydrocarbon generation history of the source rocks were evaluated. Additionally, the heat flow of each well was calibrated with measured temperature data, and based on these data, a heat flow map was designed in the 2D models.   Discussion of Results & Conclusions To achieve more accurate results in modeling, hypothetical layers from the bottom of each well to the top of the basement were considered. On the other hand, a layer reconstruction process was carried out for a portion of the Aghajari Formation which had partially eroded. Based on the data and various tested models, the thermal flow of the basin with a good match to the current well temperature was assumed to be a constant of 55 mw/m2. Considering the very good match between the measured temperature in the well and the calculated temperature in the model, the modeling results can be reliable. The obtained results showed that the Sarchahan Formation began hydrocarbon generation approximately 130 to 140 million years ago, with liquid hydrocarbon amounts of 720 and 5100 (Kg/m2) in wells A and B, respectively, and gas hydrocarbon amounts of 70 and 600 (Kg/m2) respectively. By constructing a 2D model in the selected structural section (perpendicular to the Zagros fold-thrust trend), migration and accumulation paths of hydrocarbons were identified. The results obtained from the 2D model indicate that the Paleozoic oil system was formed with the Sarchahan Formation as the source rock, the Dalan and Kangan formations as reservoir rocks, and the Dashtak Formation as the cap rock. The Sarchahan Formation is the most important source rock that charges the Regional reservoirs, and the Cretaceous source rocks had a minimal role in hydrocarbon accumulation due to low maturity. The thermal maturity of the Sarchahan Formation is currently in the late oil window at the top parts of the anticlines and in the wet and dry gas window in the base of the synclines. According to the migration model results, hydrocarbon migration to the reservoirs has started from the Late Cretaceous. Prior to the Zagros orogeny and considering the results of structural reconstruction, there was no folding in the sediments, and throughout the section, the layers were stacked on top of each other like a Layer Cake. Therefore, before the orogeny, the most important factor in the movement of hydrocarbon fluid migration was vertical migration in the career layers. After the orogeny and folding, in addition to vertical migration, the horizontal migration compOnent became active.

In recent years, the construction of backup bases for crisis management has been placed on the agenda of the Organization of Precautionary Measures and crisis management. One of the important things lies in setting up bases, studying, and finding a proper geographical location for setting up this his kind of application, a place which can be used as a safe place under critical conditions and under normal conditions. It may be used for normal uses too. The present study is of a practical nature which has been conducted by a descriptive-analytical method. This research seeks to find the best method location for the backup bases for crisis management municipal Region One in Tehran. In order to achieve this goal, effective criteria and factors for locating aid centers are identified in time of crisis. Then in order to specify the importance and value of each each criterion and effective elements in section making, the AHP model has been used. Then a questionnaire was prepared and distributed among experts. In the second stage, by the use of hirarchicl procedural method and by using expert choice software, the weight of each criterion and element was determined. In the second phase, all layers of information in GIS were turned into a roster and by using the method of index overlay, the layers were mixed and ten best locations were chosen as the best bases for crisis management for Region One. Also, results show the depots for crisis management have not been properly chosen and that they are very limited in numbers.